작성일
2025.12.10
수정일
2026.01.07
작성자
강재욱
조회수
111

[2025.12.08] Sustain Energy & Fuels / Published

Sustainable Energy & Fuels Recent HOT Articles, 2025

(https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/articlecollectionlanding?sercode=se&themeid=61500ab9-5af2-4b84-a862-07d38ee3d874) 

Abstract

Inverted p–i–n perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) offer promise for next-generation photovoltaics. However, IPSCs utilizing solution-processed PC61BM as the electron transport layer (ETL) remain less interface-optimized than conventional n–i–p configurations, restricting their efficiency, stability, and scalability. In this work, we introduce an ultrathin atomic-layer-deposited SnOx (ALD-SnOx) film, fabricated at a low temperature (80 °C), as a versatile interfacial modifier to address these shortcomings. This scalable, vapor-phase approach directly addresses the core instability in p–i–n architectures, effectively remedies morphological defects such as pinholes and phase segregation in PC61BM, significantly enhancing interfacial contact and suppressing charge recombination. Consequently, the champion IPSC incorporating a 10 nm ALD-SnOx interlayer yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼19.2%, representing a remarkable 58% improvement over control devices (PCE ∼11.3%). The ALD-SnOx interlayer effectively enhances moisture resistance, giving the IPSCs excellent environmental stability. Additionally, the redesigned IPSCs show scalability by effectively generating a large-area (∼12.1 cm2) mini-module with a high PCE (∼14.1%). These findings demonstrate the immense potential of this interfacial engineering approach for the commercial production of scalable, stable, and effective IPSCs.


Graphical abstract: Low-temperature ALD-grown SnOx interlayer for scalable and stable p–i–n perovskite solar cells and modules



DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SE01332A





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